ARTICLE: Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Adaptive Functions: A Study of Children With ASD and/or ADHD

Posted by A on January 05, 2020 in adaptive functioning, ADHD, autism,

ARTICLE:

Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Adaptive Functions: A Study of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and/or Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (2019)

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the two most common neurodevelopmental disorders observed in childhood. The DSM-5 accepts a combined diagnosis of ADHD and ASD, while the DSM-IV did not. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the adaptive profile of children and adolescents with a diagnosis of comorbid ADHD and ASD, in comparison with adaptive functioning in subjects with a diagnosis of only ASD or ADHD. 

Materials and Methods: Ninety-one children (77 boys, 14 girls), aging from 3.1 to 13.4 years (mean age: 8.3 ± 7.2), who met the criteria for a diagnosis of ASD and/or ADHD were enrolled. A neuropsychological evaluation involving cognitive and adaptive assessment was conducted using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Second Edition (ADOS-2), the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale – Revised: Long Version (CPRS-R), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition or the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales – Extended Revised, the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale – Second Edition (VABS-II). 

Conclusion: As to the adaptive skills in the three groups evaluated, a worse general profile was ascertained in the ASD and in ASD plus ADHD groups in comparison with respect to the ADHD-only group. With VABS-II evaluation, we found significant differences among the three groups across all domains and combined scores: 

• Communication (F = 18.960; p < 0.001), 

• Socialization (F = 25.410; p < 0.001), 

• Daily Living Skills (F = 19.760; p < 0.001), 

• Motor (F = 9.615; p < 0.001), 

• and Adaptive behavior composite [ABC] (F = 29.370; p < 0.001). 

Implications of neurodevelopmental double diagnosis such as ASD plus ADHD are discussed.

KEYWORDS:

Autism spectrum
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
adaptive function

CITATION: 

Scandurra V, Emberti Gialloreti L, Barbanera F, Scordo MR, Pierini A and Canitano R (2019) Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Adaptive Functions: A Study of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and/or Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
Front. Psychiatry 10:673. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00673